GLOBAL ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Keywords:
Global economic growth; international trade; trade openness; foreign direct investment; export diversification; supply chains; trade policy; globalization; inclusive development; trade liberalization.Abstract
Global economic growth and international trade are deeply interconnected components of the modern economic system. Trade liberalization, technological advancement, and economic integration have significantly reshaped global production and consumption patterns, enabling countries to specialize, expand markets, and increase productivity. This paper explores the dynamic relationship between international trade and economic growth, analyzing how trade openness, export diversification, foreign direct investment (FDI), and global supply chains influence GDP growth across developed and developing economies. Empirical evidence shows that while trade acts as a powerful engine of growth, its benefits are not distributed evenly, and trade-dependent economies remain vulnerable to external shocks such as geopolitical tensions, pandemics, and global inflation. The paper also discusses recent challenges to multilateralism, the impact of protectionist policies, and the shifting nature of trade in the digital era. Policy recommendations focus on strengthening trade infrastructure, enhancing regional cooperation, and ensuring inclusive growth through equitable trade policies.
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